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Nowadays, society pays great attention to ecology, and green polypropylene nonwoven fabrics are widely used in the agricultural field. What are the specific specifications and usage methods? Let's learn about them together.
What is polypropylene nonwoven fabric?
Polypropylene nonwoven fabric is a type of nonwoven fabric made from polypropylene. It is spun into a mesh through high-temperature drawing and then bonded into a fabric using a hot-rolling method. It is a cloth-like covering fabric with good breathability, moisture absorption, and light transmittance. It has functions such as cold resistance, frost resistance, freeze resistance, light transmittance, and air regulation, and features light weight, ease of use, and corrosion resistance. Thickened nonwoven fabric, due to its good thermal insulation effect, can also be used for multi-layer covering.
The use of polypropylene nonwoven fabric in vegetable production: It serves as a cover for the vegetable seedbed, providing insulation and facilitating seed germination. Additionally, it allows for fertilization, watering, and pesticide spraying on the seedbed surface. Not only is it convenient to use, but the seedlings it cultivates are also robust and uniform. Due to its superior insulation, breathability, and moisture control compared to plastic mulching, its effectiveness in seedling cultivation is better than that of plastic mulching.
Specifications: The non-woven fabric specifications include 20 grams, 30 grams, 40 grams, 50 grams, and 100 grams per square meter, with widths ranging from 2 meters to 8 meters. It comes in three colors: white, black, and silver gray.
(1) Non-woven fabric with a specification of 20 grams or 30 grams per square meter is used for bed surface coverage. For winter and spring, white or silver gray is chosen. After sowing, non-woven fabric with a length and width greater than the bed surface is directly laid on the bed surface. Due to the elasticity of non-woven fabric, its length and width should be greater than those of the bed. It should be fixed at both ends and sides of the bed, with the edges of the fabric compacted with soil or stones. Alternatively, U-shaped or T-shaped curved poles made of iron wire can be used to fix it at regular intervals. After emergence, attention should be paid to timely uncovering and covering according to weather conditions and vegetable production requirements. Generally, it is uncovered during the day and covered at night or in cold weather.
(2) After planting, covering the surface of the field serves the purposes of heat retention, rooting, and shortening the period of seedling recovery. For example, covering in early spring can generally increase the temperature of the ground layer by 1℃ to 2℃, advance maturity by about 7 days, and increase early yield by 30% to 50%. After planting melon, vegetable, and solanaceous vegetables, thoroughly water the plants for root establishment and immediately cover them with non-woven fabric all day long. Cover the plants directly with non-woven fabric with a specification of 20 grams or 30 grams per square meter, ensuring that it falls to the ground on all sides and is pressed down with soil blocks or stones. Be careful not to stretch the non-woven fabric too tightly; leave some space to allow sufficient growth room for the vegetables. Adjust the position of the soil blocks or stones in a timely manner according to the growth rate of the vegetables. After the seedlings survive, determine the covering time based on the weather and temperature: on sunny days with higher temperatures, uncover during the day and cover at night, ensuring early uncovering and late covering; when temperatures are lower, uncover late and cover early, and cover all day long when a cold wave arrives. Remove the non-woven fabric after mid-to-late April.
(3) Small arch sheds are used for early maturing and high-yield cultivation, and can also be used for shading and cooling seedling cultivation in summer and autumn. For early spring coverage, white non-woven fabrics with a specification of 20 grams per square meter or more can be selected; for seedling cultivation in summer and autumn, silver gray non-woven fabrics or black non-woven fabrics with a specification of 20 grams or 30 grams per square meter can be used. If celery and other crops require high shading and cooling in summer, black non-woven fabrics should be selected. During early maturing cultivation, cover the small arch frames with non-woven fabrics and then cover with mulching film to increase the temperature inside the shed by 1.8°C to 2.0°C; during summer and autumn coverage, directly cover the darker non-woven fabrics on the arch frames without adding mulching film or agricultural film.
(4) Large and medium-sized greenhouses are covered with one or two layers of non-woven fabric with a specification of 30 grams or 50 grams per square meter as a canopy, maintaining a distance of 15 cm to 20 cm between the canopy and the greenhouse film, forming a thermal insulation layer that is conducive to seedling cultivation, cultivation in winter and spring, and autumn extension cultivation. Generally, it can increase the ground temperature by 3°C to 5°C. During the day, the canopy is opened, and at night, it is tightly covered without any gaps. In summer, the canopy is closed during the day and opened at night to cool down, which is beneficial for seedling cultivation in summer. The canopy is generally made of non-woven fabric with a specification of 40 grams per square meter. In severe cold and freezing weather in winter, multiple layers of non-woven fabric (with a specification of 50 grams to 100 grams per square meter) are covered on the arch greenhouse at night, which can replace straw mats.
(5) Non-woven fabric covering for overwintering vegetables in the open field: Using non-woven fabric for covering and heat retention in open-field cultivation yields a more pronounced heat retention effect compared to cultivation in greenhouses. It can be applied to celery, lettuce, spinach, bean sprouts, and other vegetables to prevent frost damage, enhance quality, and facilitate earlier market entry. By covering with non-woven fabric weighing 30 grams per square meter and removing the covering daily, the vegetables can be brought to market 10 to 20 days earlier, with a yield increase of over 20%.
